Rail anchor means



May 30, 1967 F. CHAPMAN 3,322,346

RAIL ANCHOR MEANS Filed July 13, 1965 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.FRANKLIN CHAPMAN id m'mu HIS ATTORNEYS y 1967 F. CHAPMAN RAIL ANCHORMEANS Filed July 13,

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. FRANKLIN CHAPMAN Hrs ATTORNEYS United StatesPatent Ofifice 3,322,346 Patented May 30, 1967 3,322,346 RAIL ANCHQRMEANS Franklin Chapman, Mexico City, Mexico, assignor, by niesneassignments, to Iuiio Serrano Segovia Filed July 13, 1965, Ser. No.471,619 13 Ciaims. (Cl. 238--315) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Thisapplication discloses a rail anchor which has one hook end to be hookedover one flange of a base of a rail, and has another hook end to behooked around a protruding end of a bar embedded in an adjacent concretetie which supports such rail.

Another similar rail anchor may be rotated 180 about a vertical axis andmay be hooked over the other flange of the rail and around anotherprotruding end of said bar or another bar on the other side of said tie.

This invention relates to rail anchor means.

One of the features of this invention includes rail anchor means wherebya railroad rail is anchored to a railroad tie in a simple and etficientmanner by the use of a straight, rigid tie bar which is embedded in thetie with protruding tie bar ends at the sides of the tie, and by the useof an additional bar at each of the sides of the tie, each additionalbar being bent in a simple but very eflicient manner to form an anchorto grasp the adjacent flange of the rail base and the adjacentprotruding end of the tie bar.

Another feature of this invention includes a homogeneous rail anchor,one end of which may be hooked over one flange of the base of a railroadrail and the other end of which may be hooked around a rail tie barmeans which has protrusions from a rail tie which supports the rail.

Another feature of this invention includes a railroad rail constructionin which a railroad rail is supported on a rail tie which is transverseto such rail and has opposite tie sides transverse to the rail, with thetie having a rigid tie bar means embedded therein below and parallel tothe rail with the bar means having protrusions from such tie sides, andin which first and second rail anchors of the character of the abovepreceding feature are respectively placed in mirror image relationshipadjacent such tie sides with each respective anchor having onerespective end hooked over one flange of the base of the rail and withthe respective other end of the respective anchor hooked around onerespective protrusion of the rail tie bar means.

Another feature of this invention includes a railroad rail constructionaccording to the above preceding features in which such rail issupported by a series of adjacent similar rail ties, which rail tiesalso similarly support another parallel companion rail to produce acomplete railroad track with efliciently anchored rails.

Other features of this invention are apparent from this description, theappended claimed subject matter and/ or the accompanying drawings, inwhich FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic side view of a rail anchor according tothis invention, about to be secured to a railroad rail.

FIGURE 2 is a view similar to FIGURE 1 and showing the rail anchorsecured to the rail and to a protruding end ofa tie bar, the main bodyof which bar is embedded in a rail tie which supports the rail.

FIGURE 3 is a view of the anchor. taken from line 3-3 of FIGURE 2..

FIGURE 4 is a view of the anchor taken from line 4- of FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 5 is a view taken from line 55 of FIG- URE 2, but rotated FIGURE6 is a top diagrammatic view of a rail construction in which the rail issupported on a series of ties to which the rail is secured by a seriesof anchors of this invention.

FIGURE 7 is a diagrammatic cross-section along the line 7-7 of FIGURE 6.

FIGURE 8 is a diagrammatic view somewhat similar to FIGURE 2, andshowing specific sizes used in one specific embodiment of thisinvention.

FIGURE 9 is a view taken from line 9-9 of FIG- URE 8.

Certain words may be used in this specification and in the claimedsubject matter which indicate direction, relative position, and thelike. Such words are used for the sake of clearness and brevity.However, it is to be understood that such words are used only inconnection with the direction, relative position, and the like, whichare shown in the drawings, and that in actual use, the parts sodescribed may have diflerent direction, relative position, and the like.

A railroad track construction, according to this invention, may includea rail 20 which is one of a pair of parallel rails which forms the trackconstruction. The rail 24) is supported on a series of parallel railties 22 which are substantially parallel to each other and aretransverse to the rail 2d.

The rail 2% may have a base 24 with a first flange 26 and an oppositesecond flange 28. Each of the flanges 26 and 28 may have a flat flangebottom surface 30, a flange top surface 32 and an edge surface 34 whichjoins such bottom and top surfaces 30 and 32.

The flange bottom surfaces 30, 30 are part of a substantially fiatentire bottom rail surface 42.

Each rail tie 22 may have a tie body 36 which has opposite side walls 38and 4t) transverse to such rail 20 with a tie top surface 43 below suchflat flange bottom surfaces 30, as well as below the entire flat railbottom surface 42.

The flange bottom surfaces 3%, 30 may be part of the substantially flatentire bottom rail surface 42.

A first rail anchor or anchor means 4-4 is placed adjacent one side it]of the tie 22. Such anchor 44 may be made from a substantiallyrectangular metal anchor bar which is bent or formed to have an upperhook 46 which may be hooked over the first flange 26 with an upper hookportion 43 over a respective flange top surface 59. The hook 46 may alsohave a lower hook portion 52 which may be below the flange bottomsurface 30. The hook 46 also may have a hook joining portion 54 whichjoins the upper hook portion 48 and the lower hook portion 52.

The anchor or anchor bar 44 may have a downwardly extending anchorportion 56 joined at its upper end to such lower hook portion 52. Theportion 56 may have an outward inter-mediate bend 5S, and may also havean inward and slightly upward lower bend 66 This upward, lower bend 6dmay terminate in an upward hook portion 62 which is hooked around theedge 64! of the protruding portion 66 of a rigid tie bar or tie barmeans 68.

The rigid metal tie bar means 68 may be embedded in the tie body 36 ofthe tie 22. The tie 22 may be made of concrete and may extend completelyacross the track construction so that the other end (not shown) of thetie 22 may similarly support a parallel companion rail (not shown) whichforms the railroad track construction of this invention. The concretetie 22 may be reinforced by suitable metal reinforcing means (notshown), which preferably is spaced and electrically insulated from therigid metal tie bar 68.

The rigid tic bar 68 may be cast in the concrete tie 22 at the time thatthe tie 22 is made. It may be below and parallel to the rail 2%), asshown in dotted lines in FIG- URE 6. The tie bar means 68 may haveopposite protruding ends or protrusions 66 and 70 which extend outwardlybeyond the respective sides 40 and 38 of the tie 22.

A second rail anchor or anchor means 72 may be placed adjacent the otherside 38 of the tie 22. Such second rail anchor 72 may, if desired, beidentical with said first rail anchor 44 except that it has been rotated180 about a 'vertical axis so that, as shown in FIGURE 7, the secondanchor 72 is a mirror image of first anchor 44.

Such second rail anchor 72 may have its upper hook 46' hooked over thesecond flange 23 of the rail 2% and may have its upward hook portion 62hooked around the other edge of the other protruding portion orprotrusion 7d of the tie bar means 68. The first anchor 44, for example,may be attached to the rail flange 26 and the tie bar 68 by placing suchanchor adjacent such flange 2'6 and bar 68, as shown in FIGURE 1. Then arightward force 74; (FIGURE 1) in the order of 5000 pounds, for example,is applied to the downwardly extending portion 56, such as at theintermediate bend 58, as indicated by the arrow 74 so that the upperhook t6 and lower hook portion 62 are forced from their positions inFIGURE 1 to their respective positions as shown in FIGURE 2. The hook 46is thus completely pushed over the flange 26 and the lower hook portionis hooked or forced around the tie bar 68.

Before, simultaneously, or thereafter, the second anchor 72 is placedadjacent the other rail flange, and the other protruding end 70 of thetie bar 68 and adjacent the other side 38 of the tie 22. A leftwardforce of 5000 pounds is applied similarly, but in mirror imagerelationship, to the force 74 previously described. This causes thesecond anchor 72 to be forced into hooked engagement with the secondflange 28 of the rail and with the opposite edge of the outwardlyprotruding end 70 of the tie bar 68.

The two anchors 44 and 72, on opposite sides of the rail 20 and onopposite sides of the tie 22, cooperate with each other to lock the rail20 against sidewise displacement and against sidewise tilting ortorsional displacement by the sidewise forces of the passing train,whether the rail is on a straight part of the track or on a curved partof the track.

Also the adjacent ties 22 such as the upper tie 22 of FIGURE 6 and asimilar tie below FIGURE 6, not shown, and their cooperating and similaranchors also cooperate further to reinforce the stabilizing forces ofthe series of anchors and ties that make up the track construction ofthis invention.

Merely by way of example, FIGURES 8 and 9 indicate certain dimensions ofthe rail anchor means as applied to a typical railroad rail. FIGURE 8corresponds sub stantially to the anchor means shown in FIGURE 2 and thedescription previously given in connection with FIG- URE 2' applies toFIGURE 8. Therefore, the reference numerals which have been applied toFIGURE 2 also apply to corresponding parts of FIGURE 8. However, suchreference numerals are not repeated in FIGURE 8. FIGURE 9 shows theupper end of the anchor shown in FIGURE 8.

The rectangular end of the tie "bar of FIGURE 8 which corresponds to 68of FIGURE 2, as well as the entire "bar 68, may be 1 inch in horizontaldimension and /2 inch in vertical dimension. Other dimensions areindicated in FIGURES 8 and 9 by letters of the alphabet and suchdimensions are in inch measurements and may be as follows: A=4 /2",B=6%", c=1 y 6",1)= /8", =%e", /16", /16", L=%", M= /s", N= /s", P=5/z", Q= /s, R= fii", R S=l T =1 /4". However, these dimensions are givenby way of example and may be varied as desired.

The rectangular bar which forms the tie bar 68 may protrude 2 inchesbeyond the sides 38 and 40 of the tie 22. The sides 38 and 4d of the lie22 may be straight parallel vertical sides. The ties 22 may besubstantially at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the rail 2%.

The bars which form the tie bar 68 and form the anchors 44. and 72 maybe made of any suitable steel and may be treated to have the requiredcharacteristics herein described. Such bars with the required treatmentsthereof may be made and formed by any of those skilled for this purposein the steel industry.

The tie bar or tie bar means 68 is placed in proper position before theconcrete for the tie 22 is poured. Therefore, such tie bar means is anintegral part of the tie. The bar 68 serves an important function inreinforcing the concrete, as it runs directly under and parallel to therail, where the maximum impact is, for example, 64.006 pounds, with adiesel engine load.

The anchor means of this invention provides important torsional forces.When a fast, heavy train rounds a curve, the anchor means exerts alateral force against the rails to counteract the lateral force of thetrain. Torsion forces of this invention take over and tightly hold therail by the action of the two anchors 44 and 70 at the tie 'bar '68 andthe rail flanges 26 and 28. Also the two anchors provide large torsionalforces to prevent longitudinal slippage of the rail when the heavy trainis braked.

It is thus to be seen that a new. useful and unobvious rail anchor meanshas been provided by this invention.

While the form of the invention now preferred had been disclosed asrequired by statute, other forms may be used, all coming within thescope of the claimed subject matter which follows.

What is claimed is:

1. Rail anchor means comprising:

a rail having a base with a first flange and an opposite second flange,each flange having a flat flange bottom surface, a flange top surface,and an edge surface joining said bottom and top surfaces;

a rail tie with opposite side walls transverse to said rail and with atop surface below said flat flange bottom surfaces;

a rigid tie bar in said tie below and parallel to said rail,

said tie bar having opposite protruding ends extending outwardly beyondsaid side walls, and having opposite tie bar edges;

a first rail anchor adjacent one side wall, said anchor including ananchor bar having an upper hook hooked over said first flange with anupper hook portion over a respective flange top surface, with a lowerhook portion below said flange bottom surface, and with a hook joiningportion joining said upper hook portion and said lower hook portion,having an outward intermediate bend, and having an inward and slightlyupward lower bend, said upward lower bend terminating in an upward hookportion hooked around one edge of the adjacent protruding end of saidtie bar;

a second rail anchor adjacent the other side of said tie, said secondrail anchor being a mirror image of said first rail anchor and havingits upper hook hooked over said second flange and having its upward hookportion hooked around the other edge of the other protruding portion ofsaid tie bar.

2. A rail anchor means according to claim 1 in which said flange bottomsurfaces are part of a substantially flat entire bottom rail surface andin which said rail tie has has a substanitally flat top surface undersaid flat entire bottom rail surface.

3. A rail anchor means according to claim 2 in which said tie is aconcrete tie and said tie bar is embedded 'in said concrete tie.

4. Rail anchor means comprising:

a rail having a base with a first flange and an opposite second flange;

a rail tie having a first side wall and an opposite second side wall,said side walls being transverse to said rail, said tie having a topsurface below said base;

a rigid tie bar means embedded in said tie below and parallel to saidrail, said tie bar means having a first protrusion and an oppositesecond protrusion, said protrusions extending outwardly beyond said sideWalls;

a first rail anchor adjacent said first side wall, said first anchorincluding a first anchor bar having a first upper hook hooked over saidfirst flange, having a first downwardly extending anchor portion joinedto said hook, and having a first inward lower bend terminating in afirst upward hook portion hooked around said first protrusion;

and a second rail anchor adjacent said second side wall, said secondrail anchor including a second anchor bar having a second upper hookhooked over said second flange, having a second downwardly extendinganchor portion joined to said second hook, and having a second inwardlower bend terminating in a second up ward hook portion hooked aroundsaid second protrusion.

5. Rail anchor means comprising:

a rail having a base with a first flange and an opposite second flange;

a rail tie having a first side wall and an opposite second side wall,said side walls being transverse to said rail, said tie having atopsurface below said base;

rigid tie bar means embedded in said tie below and parallel to saidrail, said tie bar means having a first protrusion and an oppositesecond protrusion, said protrusions extending outwardly beyond said sidewalls;

a first rail anchor adjacent said first side wall, said first anchorhaving a first upper hook means hooked to said first flange, having afirst downwardly extending resilient portion joined to said first hookmeans and terminating in a first lower hook means hooked to said firstprotrusion;

and a second rail anchor adjacent said second side wall, said secondanchor having a second upper hook means hooked to said second flange,having a second downwardly extending resilient portion joined to saidsecond hook means and terminating in a second lower hook means hooked tosaid second protrusion.

6. Rail anchor means having an upper hook means to be hooked to a flangeof a base of a rail adjacent a side wall of a rail tie, said anchorhaving a downwardly extending resilient portion joined to said hookmeans and terminating in a lower hook means entirely below said rail tobe hooked to a protrusion of a tie bar means below said rail which isembedded in a tie which supports said rail.

7. Rail anchor means comprising a rail anchor made of a homogeneousmetal anchor bar having an upper hook to be hooked over a flange of abase of a rail adjacent a side wall of a rail tie, said anchor barhaving a downwardly extending anchor portion joined to said hook andhaving an inward lower bend terminating in an upward hook portionentirely below said rail to be hooked around a protrusion of a tie barmeans below said rail which is embedded in a tie which supports saidrail.

8. Rail anchor means having upper attaching means to be attached to aflange means of a base of a rail adjacent the side wall of a rail tiemeans, said anchor mean-s having a downwardly extending anchor portionmeans joined to said upper attaching means and having a lower attachingmeans entirely below said rail to be attached to a protrusion means of atie bar means below said rail, which is embedded in a tie means whichsupports said rail.

9. Rail anchor means according to claim 8 which is shaped so that it canbe rotated about a vertical axis and be attached to the opposite flangemeans of said base of said rail adjacent the opposite side wall of saidrail tie means and to the opposite protrusion means of said tie barmeans which extends from said opposite side wall of said rail tie means.

10. Rail anchor means according to claim 9 which is homogeneousthroughout.

11. Rail anchor means having upper attaching means to be attached to aflange means of a base of a rail adjacent the side wall of a rail tiemeans said anchor means having a downwardly extending anchor portionmeans joined to said upper attaching means and having a lower attachingmeans entirely below said rail to be attached to a tie attachment meanslocated below said rail at said side wall of said rail tie means.

12. Rail anchor means according to claim 11 which is so shaped that itcan be rotated 180 about a vertical axis to provide a second anchormeans to be attached to the opposite flange of said base of said railadjacent the opposite side wall of said tie means and to an opposite tieattachment means located below said rail at said opposite side wall ofsaid tie means.

13. Rail anchor means according to claim 12 in which said second anchormeans is a mirror image of said first named anchor means.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,413,470 12/19'46 Skowron etall. 238-330 ARTHUR L. LAPOINT, Primary Examiner. R. A. BERTSCH,Assistant Examiner.

1. RAIL ANCHOR MEANS COMPRISING: A RAIL HAVING A BASE WITH A FIRSTFLANGE AND AN OPPOSITE SECOND FLANGE, EACH FLANGE HAVING A FLAT FLANGEBOTTOM SURFACE, A FLANGE TOP SURFACE, AND AN EDGE SURFACE JOINING SAIDBOTTOM AND TOP SURFACES; A RAIL TIE WITH OPPOSITE SIDE WALLS TRANSVERSETO SAID RAIL AND WITH A TOP SURFACE BELOW SAID FLAT FLANGE BOTTOMSURFACES; A RIGID TIE BAR IN SAID TIE BELOW AND PARALLEL TO SAID, RAIL,SAID TIE BAR HAVING OPPOSITE PROTRUDING ENDS EXTENDING OUTWARDLY BEYONDSAID SIDE WALLS, AND HAVING OPPOSITE TIE BAR EDGES;F A FIRST RAIL ANCHORADJACENT ONE SIDE WALL, SAID ANCHOR INCLUDING AN ANCHOR BAR HAVING ANUPPER HOOK HOOKED OVER SAID FIRST FLANGE WITH AN UPPER HOOK PORTION OVERA RESPECTIVE FLANGE TOP SURFACE, WITH A LOWER HOOK PORTION BELOW SAIDFLANGE BOTTOM SURFACE, AND WITH A HOOK JOINING PORTION JOINING SAIDUPPER HOOK PORTION AND SAID LOWER HOOK PORTION, HAVING AN OUTWARDINTERMEDIATE BEND, AND HAVING AN INWARD AND SLIGHTLY UPWARD LOWER BEND,SAID UPWARD LOWER BEND TERMINATING IN AN UPWARD HOOK PORTION HOOKEDAROUND ONE EDGE OF THE ADJACENT PROTRUDING END OF SAID TIE BAR; A SECONDRAIL ANCHOR ADJACENT THE OTHER SIDE OF SAID TIE, SAID SECOND RAIL ANCHORBEING A MIRROR IMAGE OF SAID FIRST RAIL ANCHOR AND HAVING ITS UPPER HOOKHOOKED OVER SAID SECOND FLANGE AND HAVING ITS UPWARD HOOK PORTION HOOKEDAROUND THE OTHER EDGE OF THE OTHER PROTRUDING PORTION OF SAID TIE BAR.